Framing Ambiguity

Our brain doesn't just see; it actively constructs our visual reality. It picks objects from the field of view based on personal biases and how those objects stand out. Based on this selection, the brain makes decisions. For example, if I visit a toy shop with my five-year-old daughter, her attention will likely go straight to the toys, while I might scan for gaming consoles.
This selective process also applies to our memory. For instance, you might recall seeing bricks on the pavement during your last visit to a friend's house, but you almost certainly won't remember the specific pattern or the color variations in each one.
We often miss an object we're looking for when something else grabs our attention, especially if that object isn't clearly highlighted or separated from its background. This phenomenon is sometimes called a "Missing Frame." As humans, we lack the mental bandwidth to focus on everything at once. We instinctively pick and choose what matters to us in a given view, tuning out the rest. This is known as "selective attention."
Who is Most Affected?
Write a couple of extra lines of code to lower your user's cognitive load. If a user wants to buy a product, don't force them to format the data; put your system to work.
- Users with visual impairments, who may struggle to focus without corrective lenses.
- Users with cognitive impairments, who may have trouble remembering, learning, or concentrating.
- Users who are in a hurry or are otherwise distracted.
- Anyone when faced with a visually cluttered or overwhelming interface.
How Designers Can Help?
Designers can solve this by applying the principles of framing and recognition to separate important information from the noise. By understanding the user's goals, designers can create interfaces that are clear, concise, familiar, responsive, and consistent. This strategic approach makes it easier for users to find relevant information quickly and reduces the risk of them missing what's important.
References & Links
- Interaction Design Foundation - I would recommend this course on Interaction Design Foundation: Perception and Memory in HCI and UX